Cells were treated with 1% tobacco smoke extract (TSE) for 4, 24 and 48 hr and then whole cell lysate was blotted against Cytoglobin (Cygb) and β-actin antibodies. A, western blots for Cygb and β-actin in VSMCs, after treatment with TSE for 4, 24 and 48 hr. B, quantitation of Cygb expression from densitometry of the observed bands normalized for the β-actin loading control. Data shown are means ± SEM of 4 independent experiments. *: Denotes significant difference from untreated control at p < 0.001; #: Denotes significant difference from the TSE treated value at 4 hr at p < 0.001.