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Compression factors of extraforaminal stenosis at L5–S1
| Factor | No. (%) |
|---|---|
| Pseudoarthrosis between transverse process and ala | 37 (100) |
| Ventral factor | |
| Disc bulging | 12 (34.3) |
| Disc bulging+osteophytes | 23 (65.7) |
| Thickened lumbosacral and extraforaminal ligament | 19 (51.4) |
