Figure 2.

Time- and dose-dependent secretion of exosomes carrying CpG-STAT3ASO by NSCs

(A–C) NSCs were treated with various concentrations of CpG-STAT3ASO^Cy3 for 24 h and then culture media were replaced and EVs were isolated using ultracentrifugation and anti-CD63 beads at indicated times. Time- (A) and dose-dependent (B) effects on the percentage of the oligonucleotide-loaded exosomes secreted by NSCs; means ± SD (n = 3). (C) NSC-derived CD63⁺CD81⁺ exosomes are a major vesicle population carrying CpG-STAT3ASO^Cy3 as assessed by flow cytometry. (D and E) The amounts of encapsulated CpG-STAT3ASO^Cy3 (D) or the secreted total EV proteins (E) were measured using absorbance (564 nm) or colorimetric BCA assay, respectively, and normalized for 1 × 10⁶ NSCs; means ± SD (n = 3).