Table 3.

Association Between Prenatal HIV Screening and Maternal Race/Ethnicity in Massachusetts (MA), Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), 2007 to 2016 (n  =  10,935).

		HIV Screening
	Crude RR (95% CI)	Adjusted RR (95% CI)
Maternal race/ethnicity
White, non-Hispanic	Ref.	Ref.
Black, non-Hispanic	1.34 (1.29-1.38)**	1.12 (1.07-1.17)**
Hispanic	1.37 (1.33-1.41)**	1.13 (1.08-1.18)**
Asian, non-Hispanic	1.08 (1.04-1.13)**	1.02 (0.97-1.07)
Maternal age (years)
< 20	1.17 (1.10-1.25)**	0.96 (0.86-1.08)
20 to 24	1.14 (1.09-1.19)**	1.01 (0.95-1.08)
25 to 29	Ref.	Ref.
30 to 34	0.89 (0.85-0.93)**	0.98 (0.93 −1.02)
35 to 39	0.85 (0.80-0.90)**	0.95 (0.90-1.00)
≥ 40	0.98 (0.89-1.06)**	1.04 (0.96-1.13)
Maternal education
< High school	1.46 (1.39-1.52)**	1.08 (1.00-1.18)
High school diploma	1.34 (1.29-1.40)**	1.07 (1.00-1.14)
Some college	1.26 (1.21-1.32)**	1.05 (1.00-1.10)
≥ College graduate	Ref.	Ref.
Federal poverty level (FPL)
≤ 100% FPL	1.39 (1.35-1.44)**	0.99 (0.92-1.07)
101%-200% FPL	1.25 (1.20-1.31)**	0.98 (0.92-1.04)
≥ 200% FPL	Ref.	Ref.
Health insurance during pregnancy
Public	1.36 (1.32-1.41)**	1.04 (0.98-1.10)
Private	Ref.	Ref.
Other	1.16 (1.03-1.31)**	1.02 (0.91-1.15)
None	1.22 (1.03-1.46)**	0.99 (0.81-1.21)
Prenatal care site
Private physician's office	Ref.	Ref.
Hospital clinic	1.25 (1.20-1.30)**	1.15 (1.10-1.19)**
Community Health center	1.35 (1.30-1.41)**	1.16 (1.10-1.23)**
Other	0.99 (0.90-1.08)**	0.98 (0.91-1.06)
WIC participant
No	Ref.	Ref.
Yes	1.38 (1.34-1.43)**	1.11 (1.05-1.17)**
Maternal nativity
Non US-born	1.19 (1.16-1.23)**	1.07 (1.03-1.12)**
US-born	Ref.	Ref.
Marital status
Not married	1.34 (1.30-1.39)**	1.16 (1.10-1.21)**
Married	Ref.	Ref.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; RR, risk ratio; Ref, reference. *P < .05; **P < .01.