Figure 6.

Reuterin alleviates DSS-induced colitis via activating the AMPK pathway

(A–G) The effects of reuterin on DSS-induced colitis in mice (n = 3 for protein qualification and n = 6 for other data). (A) Body weight change. (B) Disease activity index. (C) Myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentration in colon. (D) Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) concentration in colon. (E) TNF-α concentration in colon. (F) Representative colonic morphology. (G) Relative gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in colonic tissue. (H) Protein qualification by the Wes Simple Western System. (I–L) The effects of reuterin on DSS-treated Caco-2 cells (n = 3). (I) Concentration of inflammatory cytokines in culture medium. (J) Protein qualification using the Wes Simple Western System. (K) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) stained with MitoSOX reagent (red, reactive oxygen species; blue, nucleus). (L) Relative fluorescence intensity calculated according to the results of (J). Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA. Values are mean ± SEM. ∗p < 0.05.