Table 1.
Study population
| Patients with diabetes and ESKD on dialysis | |
|---|---|
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 65.0 (57.0–73.0) |
| Age, years, category | |
| 18–44 | 34,761 (6.7) |
| 45–64 | 203,022 (38.9) |
| 65–74 | 167,810 (32.2) |
| ≤75 | 116,196 (22.3) |
| Sex | |
| Female | 229,210 (43.9) |
| Male | 292,579 (56.1) |
| Race/ethnicity | |
| White | 239,821 (46.0) |
| Black | 149,643 (28.7) |
| Hispanic | 97,887 (18.8) |
| Asian | 20,077 (3.8) |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 6,993 (1.3) |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 6,493 (1.2) |
| U.S. region | |
| Midwest | 101,239 (19.4) |
| Northeast | 78,091 (15.0) |
| South | 224,293 (43.0) |
| West | 109,089 (20.9) |
| Unknown/missing | 9,077 (1.7) |
| Dialysis modality | |
| Hemodialysis | 480,559 (92.1) |
| Peritoneal Dialysis | 41,230 (7.9) |
| Comorbidities | |
| Substance abuse | 7,125 (1.4) |
| Tobacco use | 27,005 (5.2) |
| Hypertension | 466,125 (89.3) |
| ASCVD | 94,709 (18.2) |
| HF | 169,762 (32.5) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 49,680 (9.5) |
| Retinopathy | 65,433 (12.5) |
| Amputations | 22,718 (4.4) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 68,674 (13.2) |
| Glucose-lowering agents | |
| Insulin | 333,050 (63.8) |
| Noninsulin agents | 91,090 (17.5) |
| No pharmacological therapy | 97,649 (18.7) |
| Index year | |
| 2013 | 271,875 (52.1) |
| 2014 | 59,123 (11.3) |
| 2015 | 61,953 (11.9) |
| 2016 | 64,176 (12.3) |
| 2017 | 64,662 (12.4) |
Data are presented as N (%) unless otherwise indicated.