Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for all patients with T2DM (N = 5,928) and the covariates included in all statistical models
| All | 0–5% TWL | >5–10% TWL | >10–15% TWL | >15–20% TWL | >20% TWL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 5,928 | 115 | 356 | 684 | 1,157 | 3,616 |
| T2DM remission (yes), n (%) | 4,216 (71) | 29 (25) | 125 (35) | 400 (58) | 815 (70) | 2,847 (79) |
| Years to T2DM remission | 1.0 (0.92) | 1.5 (1.24) | 1.1 (1.13) | 1.0 (0.99) | 0.8 (0.68) | 1.0 (0.95) |
| Age (years) | 49.8 (10.3) | 51.4 (10.8) | 50.3 (10.9) | 50.8 (10.2) | 50.4 (10.2) | 49.3 (10.3) |
| Age ≥65 years, n (%) | 397 (7) | 11 (10) | 34 (10) | 59 (9) | 88 (8) | 205 (6) |
| RYGB, n (%) | 3,382 (57) | 41 (36) | 114 (32) | 251 (37) | 579 (50) | 2,397 (66) |
| Hispanic, n (%) | 2,572 (43) | 47 (41) | 130 (37) | 281 (41) | 475 (41) | 1,639 (45) |
| Non-Hispanic White, n (%) | 2,059 (35) | 35 (30) | 118 (33) | 225 (33) | 399 (34) | 1,282 (35) |
| Non-Hispanic Black, n (%) | 1,054 (18) | 27 (23) | 90 (25) | 152 (22) | 227 (20) | 558 (15) |
| Other races or unknown, n (%) | 243 (4) | 6 (5) | 18 (5) | 26 (4) | 56 (5) | 137 (4) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 43.8 (6.9) | 42.5 (6.4) | 42.5 (6.6) | 42.9 (6.8) | 43.4 (6.9) | 44.2 (6.95) |
| BMI ≥50 kg/m2, n (%) | 1,016 (17) | 18 (16) | 47 (13) | 95 (14) | 173 (15) | 683 (19) |
| Insulin use, n (%) | 1,982 (33) | 42 (37) | 120 (34) | 195 (29) | 335 (29) | 1,290 (36) |
| DiaRem score (range 2–22) | 8.4 (5.4) | 8.9 (5.7) | 8.5 (5.4) | 8.0 (5.1) | 7.9 (5.2) | 8.6 (5.5) |
| DiaRem score ≥8, n (%) | 2,208 (37) | 45 (39) | 132 (37) | 227 (33) | 369 (32) | 1,435 (40) |
| Female, n (%) | 4,326 (73) | 82 (71) | 263 (74) | 493 (72) | 872 (75) | 2,616 (72) |
| HbA1c | 7.5 (1.1) | 7.6 (1.2) | 7.5 (1.1) | 7.5 (1.1) | 7.4 (1.0) | 7.5 (1.1) |
| Weight (lb) | 269.6 (54.4) | 262.6 (52.0) | 261.4 (49.8) | 265.1 (52.9) | 265.7 (52.9) | 272.7 (54.8) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 3,793 (64) | 82 (71) | 234 (66) | 434 (63) | 758 (66) | 2,285 (63) |
| Cirrhosis, n (%) | 71 (1) | 0 (0) | 4 (1) | 13 (2) | 12 (1) | 42 (1) |
| Sleep apnea, n (%) | 922 (16) | 20 (17) | 42 (12) | 114 (17) | 175 (15) | 571 (16) |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 1,138 (19) | 22 (19) | 70 (20) | 127 (19) | 206 (18) | 713 (20) |
| Serious mental illness, n (%) | 318 (5) | 7 (6) | 17 (5) | 28 (4) | 60 (5) | 206 (6) |
| Severe anxiety or depression, n (%) | 387 (7) | 9 (8) | 21 (6) | 42 (6) | 75 (6) | 240 (7) |
| Mild/moderate anxiety or depression, n (%) | 2,529 (43) | 50 (43) | 149 (42) | 295 (43) | 504 (44) | 1,531 (42) |
| Aspirin use 12 months before, n (%) | 2,582 (44) | 53 (46) | 170 (48) | 302 (44) | 506 (44) | 1,551 (43) |
| Aspirin use 3 months before, n (%) | 1,737 (29) | 36 (31) | 128 (36) | 203 (30) | 339 (29) | 1,031 (29) |
| NSAID use 12 months before, n (%) | 2,546 (43) | 44 (38) | 137 (38) | 292 (43) | 490 (42) | 1,583 (44) |
| NSAID use 3 months before, n (%) | 920 (16) | 17 (15) | 62 (17) | 110 (16) | 186 (16) | 545 (15) |
| Dyslipidemia medication use, n (%) | 3,337 (56) | 73 (63) | 190 (53) | 397 (58) | 654 (57) | 2,023 (56) |
| Number of T2DM medication | 1.3 (0.98) | 1.4 (0.98) | 1.3 (0.96) | 1.2 (0.93) | 1.3 (0.93) | 1.3 (1.0) |
| Elixhauser score | 3.8 (10.6) | 5.0 (10.1) | 3.8 (9.9) | 3.4 (9.96) | 3.3 (10.0) | 4.0 (10.96) |
| Hospital days 12 months before | 0.1 (0.4) | 0.1 (0.3) | 0.1 (0.4) | 0.1 (0.35) | 0.1 (0.3) | 0.1 (0.4) |
| Emergency visits 12 months before | 0.4 (0.9) | 0.3 (0.6) | 0.3 (0.8) | 0.3 (0.8) | 0.3 (0.8) | 0.4 (0.97) |
| % attendance outpatient visits 12 months before | 75.7 (12.1) | 76.4 (11.9) | 74.4 (12.1) | 75.2 (12.2) | 76.5 (11.8) | 75.6 (12.2) |
| Weight loss (lb) 12 months before | −16.4 (13.62) | −21.5 (15.21) | −19.8 (15.65) | −17.1 (12.99) | −16.8 (13.70) | −15.6 (13.36) |
Data are presented as n (%) for categorical variables and mean (SD) for continuous variables. All variables except T2DM remission and %TWL were measured at the time of surgery.