FIG 3.

Quantitative proteomics reveals the activation of the apoptosis pathway after the expression of HNP-1 in E. coli. (A) Flowchart of the investigation of the antibacterial mechanism of HNP-1 through label-free quantitative proteomics. (B) Volcano plot representation of the quantified proteins. The red spots indicate the proteins that were upregulated, and the blue spots indicate the proteins that were downregulated after the expression of HNP-1. (C) Gene Ontology categories of the biological processes of the differentially expressed proteins. (D) KEGG pathway analysis of the upregulated proteins after the expression of HNP-1. Large nodes represent pathways within core regulatory networks. Enzymes are represented by small nodes. The pathways with P < 0.05 and cluster protein number ≥ 3 are displayed. (E) The expression of endonucleases after IPTG induction.