Table 5.
Independent risk factors of COVID-19 self-medication
| Parameters | B | Std. error | P-value | AOR | 95% C.I | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | |||||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | − 0.193 | 0.217 | 0.373 | 0.82 | 0.54 | 1.26 |
| Female (Ref) | ||||||
| Age group (years) | ||||||
| > 44 | 1.019 | 0.275 | < 0.0001* | 2.77 | 1.62 | 4.75 |
| ≤ 44 (Ref) | ||||||
| Married | ||||||
| Not married | − 0.302 | 0.206 | 0.143 | 0.74 | 0.49 | 1.11 |
| Currently married (Ref) | ||||||
| Occupation | ||||||
| Doctor | − 0.225 | 0.308 | 0.464 | 0.79 | 0.44 | 1.46 |
| Nurse | − 0.040 | 0.320 | 0.900 | 0.96 | 0.51 | 1.80 |
| Pharmacist | 0.282 | 0.509 | 0.579 | 1.33 | 0.49 | 3.59 |
| MLSǂ | − 0.411 | 0.560 | 0.463 | 0.66 | 0.22 | 1.99 |
| Others** (Ref) | ||||||
| Annual income | ||||||
| < 600,000 | − 0.898 | 0.466 | 0.054 | 0.41 | 0.16 | 1.01 |
| > 600,000 (Ref) | ||||||
| Knowledge on COVID | ||||||
| Yes | 0.453 | 0.682 | 0.506 | 1.57 | 0.41 | 5.99 |
| No (Ref) | ||||||
| Testing for COVID-19 | ||||||
| Yes | 0.988 | 0.196 | < 0.0001* | 2.68 | 1.82 | 3.94 |
| No (Ref) | ||||||
| History of hypertension | ||||||
| Yes | − 0.428 | 1.041 | 0.681 | 0.65 | 0.08 | 5.01 |
| No (Ref) | ||||||
| History of diabetes | ||||||
| Yes | 0.073 | 1.521 | 0.962 | 1.07 | 0.05 | 21.18 |
| No (Ref) | ||||||
B = Unstandardized beta (B) | SE = Standard Error | P-value = Probability value | * = Probability value of statistical significance | OR = adjusted Odd Ratio