Table 1.
Characteristics of Participants Included in the AGEhIV Coronavirus Disease 2019 Substudy (September–October 2020 and March–April 2021), by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status
| Characteristica | Participants, No. (%)b | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV Negative (n = 326) | HIV Positive (n = 241) | ||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 60.3 (56.8–65.9) | 61.9 (57.7–66.9) | .06c |
| Age category | |||
| 53–59 y | 158 (48.5) | 97 (40.3) | .12d |
| 60–64 y | 77 (23.6) | 62 (25.7) | |
| 65–69 y | 44 (13.5) | 48 (19.9) | |
| ≥70 y | 47 (14.4) | 34 (14.1) | |
| Male sex at birth | 271 (83.1) | 221 (91.7) | .003d |
| MSM | 231/323 (71.5) | 204/240 (85.0) | <.001d |
| Ethnic origin | |||
| White | 309 (94.8) | 229 (95.0) | .08e |
| African | 9 (2.8) | 11 (4.6) | |
| Asian | 8 (2.5) | 1 (0.4) | |
| Educational level | |||
| Lower education (primary and secondary) | 130/319 (40.8) | 111/239 (46.4) | .12d |
| Higher vocational or university education | 184/319 (57.7) | 120/239 (50.2) | |
| Other | 5/319 (1.6) | 8/239 (3.4) | |
| BMI categoryf,g | |||
| Underweight | 2 (0.6) | 2 (0.8) | .64e |
| Normal weight | 163 (50.0) | 133 (55.2) | |
| Overweight | 124 (38.0) | 81 (33.6) | |
| Obese | 37 (11.4) | 25 (10.4) | |
| Total comorbid conditionsg | <.001d | ||
| 0 | 197 (60.4) | 104 (43.2) | |
| 1–2 | 113 (34.7) | 113 (46.9) | |
| ≥3 | 16 (4.9) | 24 (9.9) | |
| Smokingg,h | 72 (22.1) | 46 (19.1) | .39d |
| Alcohol consumptiong,h | 283 (86.8) | 191 (79.3) | .02d |
| Recreational drug useg,h | 105/306 (34.3) | 74/225 (32.9) | .73d |
| Use of PrEPg,h | 31 (9.5) | NA | … |
| Time since HIV diagnosis, median (IQR), y | NA | 21.4 (15.1–26.9) | … |
| Time since ART initiation, median (IQR), y | NA | 18.6 (12.6–23.7) | … |
| Use of cARTg | NA | 240 (99.6) | … |
| Undetectable HIV-1 viral loadg | NA | 235/237 (99.2) | … |
| Cell count, median (IQR), cells/µLg | |||
| CD4 cell count | 840 (660–1130) | 680 (530–830) | <.001c |
| CD4 cell count nadir | NA | 190 (90–260) | … |
| CD8 cell count | 470 (320–630) | 730 (520–1000) | <.001c |
| CD4/CD8 cell count ratiog | 1.90 (1.36–2.51) | 0.93 (0.67–1.25) | <.001c |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; cART, combination ART; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MSM, men having sex with men; NA, not applicable; PrEP, preexposure prophylaxis.
Characteristics at time of invitation to enrollment in the coronavirus disease 2019 substudy (August 2020). ‘
Data represent no. (%) unless otherwise specified. Denominators are specified where they vary from those in the column heads.
P value based on Wilcoxon rank sum test.
P value based on Pearson χ2 test.
P value based on Fisher exact test.
BMIs were calculated as was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared and categorized as underweight (<18.5), normal weight (18.5–24.9), overweight (25.0–29.9), or obese (≥30.0).
Last available data before baseline (defined as 27 February 2020).
During the last 6 months.