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. 2022 Jan 8;45(3):zsab303. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsab303

Table 1.

Sample statistics

Variable Total sample (n = 460) Not employed pre-COVID (n = 288, 62.6%) Lost job or decreased hours during COVID (n = 87, 18.9%) Still employed with same or more work hours during COVID (n = 85, 18.5%) P *
M(SD) or n(%) M(SD) or n(%) M(SD) or n(%) M(SD) or n(%)
Demographics
 Male 15.4% (71) 16.3% (47) 12.6% (11) 15.3% (13) .708
 Age 62.30 (13.83) 67.01 (12.39) 54.61 (12.55) 54.18 (12.45) <.001
 High school or less 49.3% (227) 56.9% (164) 41.4% (36) 31.8% (27) <.001
 Some college/tech 36.3% (167) 32.3% (93) 39.1% (34) 47.1% (40) .038
 4-year college or graduate degree 14.3% (66) 10.8% (31) 19.5% (17) 21.2% (18) .017
 Married 15.4% (71) 12.5% (36) 19.5% (17) 21.2% (18) .076
 Lived in Homewood 26.3% (121) 27.8% (80) 20.7% (18) 27.1% (23) .416
 Lived outside of Hill and Homewood 9.8% (45) 10.1% (29) 9.2% (8) 9.4% (8) .964
 No children at home 81.1% (373) 88.9% (256) 70.1% (61) 65.9% (56) <.001
 Homeowner 32.6% (150) 29.2% (84) 35.6% (31) 41.2% (35) .093
Key predictors
 Has financial strain 56.6% (260) 54.0% (155) 75.9% (66) 45.9% (39) <.001
 2018 per capita household income, thousands of dollars 15.37 (15.63) 13.79 (13.93) 15.41 (13.62) 20.66 (21.11) .002
Outcomes
 Sleep quality rating 2018 2.27 (0.79) 2.28 (0.81) 2.26 (0.76) 2.26 (0.77) .948
 Sleep quality rating 2020 2.75 (1.05) 2.77 (1.05) 2.82 (1.04) 2.65 (1.03) .538
 Change in sleep quality rating 0.48 (1.03) 0.48 (1.02) 0.56 (1.04) 0.38 (1.04) .521

Sleep quality rating is measured on a 1–5 Likert scale, with higher values representing poorer quality sleep.

*P-values are for an ANOVA test of difference in means across the three employment categories.