Table 6.
Effect of social distancing policies on visits to medical and diagnostic laboratories, nursing care facilities, retirement communities and specialty hospitals.
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical and Diagnostic Laboratories | Nursing Care Facilities | |||||
| Panel A: Level changes | −9.062*** | −4.619*** | −0.833 | −19.79*** | −8.468*** | −3.343*** |
| post shelter in place | (0.449) | (0.888) | (1.030) | (0.867) | (1.220) | (1.294) |
| Weeks since first case FE | X | X | X | X | ||
| Weeks since first death FE | X | X | X | X | ||
| Year X Week FE | X | X | ||||
| Observations | 1157,337 | 1157,337 | 1157,337 | 748,765 | 748,765 | 748,765 |
| R-squared | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.22 |
| baseline mean | 28.09 | 28.09 | 28.09 | 61.54 | 61.54 | 61.54 |
| Panel B: Log changes | ||||||
| post shelter in place | −0.288*** | −0.201*** | −0.0843*** | −0.379*** | −0.207*** | −0.109*** |
| (0.00921) | (0.0213) | (0.0236) | (0.0134) | (0.0220) | (0.0235) | |
| Weeks since first case FE | X | X | X | X | ||
| Weeks since first death FE | X | X | X | X | ||
| Year X Week FE | X | X | ||||
| Observations | 1157,337 | 1157,337 | 1157,337 | 748,765 | 748,765 | 748,765 |
| R-squared | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.24 |
| Baseline mean | 2.59 | 2.59 | 2.59 | 3.68 | 3.68 | 3.68 |
| Retirement Communities and Assisted Living Facilities | Specialty Hospitals | |||||
| Panel A: Level changes | −12.42*** | −4.019*** | 0.208 | −12.95*** | −2.926 | 4.368 |
| post shelter in place | (0.499) | (0.800) | (0.617) | (1.403) | (2.827) | (3.333) |
| Weeks since first case FE | X | X | X | X | ||
| Weeks since first death FE | X | X | X | X | ||
| Year X Week FE | X | X | ||||
| Observations | 1622,258 | 1622,258 | 1622,258 | 294,129 | 294,129 | 294,129 |
| R-squared | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| baseline mean | 39.80 | 39.80 | 39.80 | 39.71 | 39.71 | 39.71 |
| Panel B: Log changes | ||||||
| post shelter in place | −0.349*** | −0.150*** | −0.0321** | −0.299*** | −0.205*** | −0.0510 |
| (0.0110) | (0.0194) | (0.0139) | (0.0174) | (0.0362) | (0.0383) | |
| Weeks since first case FE | X | X | X | X | ||
| Weeks since first death FE | X | X | X | X | ||
| Year X Week FE | X | X | ||||
| Observations | 1622,258 | 1622,258 | 1622,258 | 294,129 | 294,129 | 294,129 |
| R-squared | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.22 |
| Baseline mean | 3.19 | 3.19 | 3.19 | 2.77 | 2.77 | 2.77 |
Caption: Unit of analysis is the number of visits in a week to health care provider locations. Baseline means are calculated based on the ninth week of 2019. Regression models were estimated using ordinary least squares and regressions include fixed effects for county and week. The outcome measure is the number of visits. We use the four-digit NAICS code to identify medical and diagnostic laboratories (6215), nursing care facilities (6231), retirement communities and assisted living facilities (6233), and specialty hospitals (6223).Standard errors are clustered at the county level. *** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1.