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. 2022 Jan 4;38(1):110183. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110183

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Estrogen promotes innate immune evasion of C. albicans through the inhibition of opsonophagocytosis

(A) J774A.1 macrophages were maintained in either complete serum or heat-inactivated (HI) serum and infected with C. albicans pre-exposed to YPD, 0.3% ethanol, or 10 μM 17β-estradiol at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5.

(B) J774A.1 macrophages were maintained in either complete serum, heat-inactivated (HI) serum, or heat-inactivated serum supplemented with purified C3 and infected with C. albicans pre-exposed to YPD, 0.3% ethanol, or 10 μM 17β-estradiol at an MOI of 5.

(C) C. albicans was grown in YPD with or without 10 μM 17β-estradiol, incubated in human serum for 20 min, and fixed with 4% PFA, and C3 and C3b binding was quantified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS).

(D) C. albicans was grown in YPD with or without 10 μM 17β-estradiol, incubated in human serum for 20 min, and fixed with 4% PFA, and Factor H binding was quantified by FACS.

Data represent the mean ± SEM from at least three independent experiments. Individual data points represent each independent biological replicate. See also Figure S2.