Fig. 2.
Rate limiting the prostanoid-induced inflammatory angiogenic role of COX-2 on endothelial cell. N-3 or N-6 LCPUFA6 (DHA, EPA and ARA) from dietary or metabolism are incorporated into cell membrane phospholipids. DHA, EPA, or ARA can be liberated by phospholipase A2 or phospholipase C. COX-2 then converts ARA to prostaglandin H2, which can be inhibited by the liberated DHA, EPA, or COX-2 inhibitors. Prostaglandin H2 converts into prostaglandin D2, prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2α, prostaglandin I2, and thromboxane A2 by prostanoid synthase to promote-specific angiogenic steps and mediators