Table 5. ECG abnormalities in the study groups and controls.
| HIV+ on HAART | HIV+ HAART-naïve | ||||
| ECG abnormalities | Controls | X2 | p-value | ||
| LAD | 15 | 10 | 8 | 2.656 | 0.265 |
| T-wave inversion leads VI-VIII | 44 | 22 | 14 | 24.682 | < 0.001 |
| Low-voltage complex | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2.007 | 0.367 |
| 1st-degree heart block | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1.020 | 0.600 |
| T-wave inversion | 4.811 | 0.090 | |||
| leads II, III aVF (inferior leads) | 2 | 1 | 6 | ||
| VEB | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2.007 | 0.367 |
| T-wave inversion leads I, avL, V5-V6 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2.027 | 0.363 |
| LBBB | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2.007 | 0.367 |
| RBBB | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2.020 | 0.364 |
| LVH | 0 | 8 | 0 | 16.438 | < 0.001 |
| Tachycardia | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2.020 | 0.364 |
| ST-segment | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4.027 | 0.134 |
| elevation | |||||
| Bradycardia | 0 | 0 | 12 | 25.000 | < 0.001 |
| Mean QTc, mean + SD | 0.42 + 0.04 | 0.41 + 0.04 | 0.39 + 0.03 | ||
| Prolonged QTc, n (%) | 17 (18.2) | 12 (16.4) | 4 (10.5) | 8.784 | 0.012 |
| Total, n (%) | 93 (100) | 73 (100) | 38 (100) |
For QTc, F = 15.779; p < 0.001. Duncan’s post hoc multiple comparisons test showed all significantly different.
LAD: left-axis deviation; VEB: ventricular ectopic beat; LBBB: left bundle branch block; RBBB: right bundle branch block; LVH: left ventricular hypertrophy.