Table 3.

COVID-19 fake tweets detection papers summary

S. no.	Year	Author and Paper	Model	Accuracy	F1-score
1	2020	Gautam et al. [31]	XLNet + LDA	93.90	94.00
2	2021	Shushkevich and Cardiff [32]	Ensemble model	93.90	94.00
3	2020	Glazkova et al. [33]	CT-BERT+ hard voting	98.50	98.69
4	2021	Paka et al. [34]	BERTa + BiLSTM	95.40	95.30
5	2021	Li et al. [35]	BiLSTM	89.00	88.00
6	2017	Singhania et al. [36]	3HAN + features	96.30	96.77
7	2021	Ahmed et al. [37]	LSVM + TF-IDF	92.15	92.08