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. 2021 Dec;9(24):1789. doi: 10.21037/atm-21-6234

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2021 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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The effect of Rg1 in DN rat. (A) Diabetic rats were randomly divided into 3 group (n=8): control group, DN group and Rg1 group. Representative photograph for HE, Masson, PAS staining, scale bar =25 µm. (B) Level of TNF-α was determined by ELISA. (C) Level of IL-6 was determined by ELISA. (D) MDA production was determined by ELISA. (E) SOD activity was determined by ELISA. (F) Levels of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, and FOXO3 were measured by western blot. *P<0.05 versus control group; ^#P<0.05 versus the DN group. Rg1, ginsenoside Rg1; DN, diabetic nephropathy; HE, hematoxylin-eosin; p-PI3K, phosphorylation of PI3K; p-AKT, phosphorylation of AKT; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunoassay.