Photomicrographs showing growth of intestinal organoid
in various
matrices. (a) Intestinal organoid grown in Matrigel, collagen (COL),
and collagen–nanocellulose (COL-NC) hydrogels, as shown by
bright-field and fluorescent microscopy. Organoids were stained with
calcein-AM (green) and propidium iodide (PI, red) to distinguish cell
viability. Live cells produce a strong green fluorescence resulting
from the conversion of calcein-AM to calcein, whereas dead cells have
a strong red fluorescence due to the presence of propidium iodide.
(b) Metabolic activity detected in the organoids embedded in the 3
hydrogels. (c) Colony formation efficiency in three hydrogels. Reprinted
with permission from ref (20). Copyright 2021 Elsevier.