Table 1.
Distribution of participants and healthcare expenses over determinants, covariates and background variables
| Prevalence N = 480,471 | (%) | Median healthcare costs € | 5–95% range € | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthcare expenses (per year)^ | ·· | ·· | ·· | 295,26 | 72,22-4299,85 |
| Primary care | 457,221b | (95,16%) | 13,53 (112,57)c | 13,53–374,15 (41,08-378,48)c | |
| Secondary care | 215,000b | (44,75%) | 0,00 (726,43)c | 0,00–3393,35 (64,60-6750,60)c | |
| Paramedical care | 53,834b | (11,20%) | 0,00 (222,76)c | 0,00–261,13 (40,52-1168,50)c | |
| Other care | 346,598b | (72,14%) | 31,75 (50,33)c | 0,00–420,73 (13,17-693,54)c | |
| Monthly household income | Mean household income | 1963,99 (1128,38)a | ·· | ·· | ·· |
| 0–20% | ·· | ·· | 339,56 | 69,53 – 4925,30 | |
| 20–40% | ·· | ·· | 308,76 | 73,85 – 4415,00 | |
| 40–60% | ·· | ·· | 290,07 | 73,62 – 4197,90 | |
| 60–80% | ·· | ·· | 282,37 | 72,99 – 4059,40 | |
| 80–100% | ·· | ·· | 266,39 | 71,72 – 3867,00 | |
| Neighborhood deprivation | Non-deprived | 441,748 | (91,94%) | 289,29 | 72,01 – 4238,90 |
| Deprived | 38,723 | (8,06%) | 375,85 | 78,45 – 4931,50 | |
| 0–20% | ·· | ·· | 257,46 | 72,20 – 3684,10 | |
| 20–40% | ·· | ·· | 271,91 | 72,43 – 3968,20 | |
| 40–60% | ·· | ·· | 288,90 | 71,99 – 4377,70 | |
| 60–80% | ·· | ·· | 312,64 | 72,00 – 4588,90 | |
| 80–100% | ·· | ·· | 356,36 | 73,54 – 4926,00 | |
| Perinatal outcome | Born at term | 453,243 | (94,33%) | 285,74 | 71,75 – 3548,5 |
| Born preterm | 27,228 | (5,67%) | 697,49 | 88,68 – 25,011,70 | |
| Normal birthweightd | 440,688 | (91,72%) | 291,37 | 72,04 – 4059,90 | |
| Small for gestational age | 39,707 | (8,26%) | 357,19 | 75,54 – 6679,20 | |
| No morbidity | 415,691 | (86,52%) | 281,72 | 71,50 – 3411,80 | |
| One or both morbidities | 64,780 | (13,48%) | 439,86 | 80,01–11,885,0 | |
| Ethnicity | Native Dutch | 357,060 | (74,31%) | 281,79 | 72,42 – 4239,00 |
| Western immigrant | 38,049 | (7,92%) | 302,73 | 67,12 – 3940,38 | |
| Non-western immigrant | 85,362 | (17,77%) | 355,58 | 75,10– 4689,39 | |
| Children’s year of birth | 2014 | 94,885 | (19,75%) | 1562,97 | 0,00 – 8364,00 |
| 2013 | 108,121 | (22,50%) | 297,07 | 77,60 – 4063,66 | |
| 2012 | 134,528 | (28,00%) | 215,25 | 76,01 – 2648,41 | |
| 2011 | 142,937 | (29,75%) | 230,94 | 81,57 – 2659,63 | |
| Maternal age | Mean maternal age | 30·35 (4·96)a | ·· | ·· | |
| Parity | Primiparous | 258,610 | (53,82%) | 335,83 | 72,93 – 5047,15 |
| Multiparous | 221,861 | (46,18%) | 258,41 | 71,91–3655,81 |
aMean and standard deviations are presented, instead of prevalence
bNumber of children with this type of healthcare cost, children can have multiple types of costs
cMedian and ranges for children with ≥ €1 of healthcare costs in this category
dMissing data: 77 children no birthweight available