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. 2022 Jan 12;20:7. doi: 10.1186/s12964-021-00760-9

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Proteomic analysis of U87 EVs-treated mNPCs revealed the activation of PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway. A Proteomic analysis revealed 187 upregulated proteins and 147 downregulated proteins in U87-EVs-treated mNPCs compared with control mNPCs. B The distribution of changed proteins in U87-EVs-treated mNPCs. C Top 10 biology processes of upregulated proteins revealed by Gene Ontology analysis in U87-EVs-treated mNPCs revealed. D Top 10 biology processes of downregulated proteins in U87-EVs-treated mNPCs revealed by Gene Ontology analysis. E Top 10 signaling pathways of upregulated proteins in U87-EVs-treated mNPCs revealed by KEGG analysis. F Top 10 signaling pathways of downregulated proteins in U87-EVs-treated mNPCs revealed by KEGG analysis. G Western blotting confirmation of upregulated PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway proteins in U87-EVs-treated mNPCs. Results are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001, in comparison with 0 h