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. 2022 Jan 13;11(1):e1260. doi: 10.1002/mbo3.1260

Table 1.

Summary of the various antibiotics used commonly, their mode of action, and indications when used

Antibiotic Class of antibiotic Broad/narrow spectrum Mode of action Target pathogen Reference
Amoxicillin, ampicillin β‐Lactam Broad‐spectrum Bactericidal Rhinosinusitis, respiratory and genitourinary tract infections, septicemia Akhavan et al. (2020); Peechakara and Gupta (2021)
Cephalosporin β‐Lactam Broad‐spectrum Bactericidal Urinary and respiratory tract infection, Gram‐negative bacteria Bui and Preuss (2021)
Azithromycin/erythromycin Macrolides Broad‐spectrum Bactericidal Sinusitis, pneumonia, respiratory tract, and skin infection, urogenital and chlamydial infection Pitsouni et al. (2007); Patel and Hashmi (2021)
Metronidazole Nitroimidazole Broad‐spectrum Bactericidal Protozoal infections, C. difficile infections, Gram‐negative bacterial infections Rineh et al. (2014); Weir and Le (2020)
Gentamycin Aminoglycoside Broad‐spectrum Bactericidal Urinary tract infection, Gram‐negative bacterial infections Habak and Griggs, (2020); Chaves and Tadi (2021)