Table 1. CCSR variables from the Charlson Comorbidity Index modification.

*Excluded from the final model

CCSR: Clinical Classifications Software Refined; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

CCSR variables	CCSR codes
Acute myocardial infarction	DXCCSR_CIR009
Congestive heart failure	DXCCSR_CIR019
Peripheral vascular disease	DXCCSR_CIR026
Cerebral infarction	DXCCSR_CIR020
Dementia/neurocognitive disorder	DXCCSR_NVS011
Pulmonary disease (asthma, COPD, pneumoconiosis)	DXCCSR_RSP008, DXCCSR_RSP009, DXCCSR_RSP013
Connective tissue disorder/rheumatologic*	DXCCSR_MUS003, DXCCSR_MUS008, DXCCSR_MUS024
Peptic ulcer disease*	DXCCSR_DIG005
Liver disease	DXCCSR_DIG019, DXCCSR_DIG023
Diabetes without complications*	DXCCSR_END002
Diabetes complications*	DXCCSR_END003
Paraplegia/paralysis	DXCCSR_NVS008
Renal disease	DXCCSR_GEN003
Cancer	DXCCSR_NEO001 ‐ DXCCSR_NEO069, DXCCSR_NEO071
Metastatic cancer	DXCCSR_NEO070
Severe liver disease/hepatic failure	DXCCSR_DIG018
Human immunodeficiency virus*	DXCCSR_INF006
Obesity	DXCCSR_END009
Malnutrition	DXCCSR_END008
Smoking history	DXCCSR_MBD024
Anemia*	DXCCSR_BLD001 ‐ DXCCSR_BLD005