Table 1.

Summary of Project Studies and Their Findings Pertaining to Tobacco 21 (T21) Compliance in Columbus, OH

Study	Sample	Factors associated with ID checks
Study 1: city-wide T21 compliance data with adolescents conducting ID checks	800 retailers visited after T21 became enforced	• Time  ◦ Compliance declined in the year following T21 enforcement • Retailer type  ◦ Compliance was lowest in bars and/or restaurants and tobacco shops, and was highest among gas stations, grocery stores, and carryouts • Neighborhood poverty  ◦ Accounting for the prevalence of African Americans and people under the age of 18, compliance was less likely in high-poverty neighborhoods
Study 2: pre–post T21 data with young adults conducting ID checks	91 retailers visited both before and after T21 became enforced	• Time  ◦ The prevalence of ID checks increased following T21 • T21 signage  ◦ ID checks were more prevalent among retailers with T21 signage
Study 3: retailer interviews	150 individuals who conduct tobacco sales	• Perceptions  ◦ Compliance was less prevalent for retailers where clerks strongly believed tobacco companies try to get young people to start using tobacco • Training  ◦ Compliance was more prevalent for retailers where owners and managers reported the retailer had training on ID checks • Scanners  ◦ Compliance was more prevalent for retailers that had scanners to automatically check IDs