Table E1.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes by eosinophilia (>0.15 ×103/μL) for patients with asthma in registry stratified by ICS use
| Variable | All patients with asthma | P | No ICS | P | ICS | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eosinophil count | <0.15 [×103/μL] | >0.15 [×103/μL] | <0.15 [×103/μL] | >0.15 [×103/μL] | <0.15 [×103/μL] | >0.15 [×103/μL] | |||
| n | 3,559 | 3,180 | 2,145 | 1,695 | 1,414 | 1,485 | |||
| Demographics | |||||||||
| Age, y | 48.9 [34.1-62.6] | 52.9 [39.0-66.2] | <.001 | 42.8 [30.1-58.2] | 48.3 [34.2-62.3] | <.001 | 55.8 [44.4-67.2] | 58.0 [45.4-69.7] | .004 |
| Female sex | 2,610 (73.3) | 2,142 (67.4) | <.001 | 1,565 (73) | 1,138 (67.1) | <.001 | 1,045 (73.9) | 1,004 (67.6) | <.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 31.2 [26.2-37.5] | 32.3 [27.3-38.4] | <.001 | 30.6 [25.8-36.9] | 32.1 [27.1-38.0] | <.001 | 31.9 [26.9-38.4] | 32.6 [27.4-39.0] | .036 |
| Race | <.001 | <.001 | .012 | ||||||
| Black | 1,081 (30.4) | 781 (24.6) | 676 (31.5) | 420 (24.8) | 405 (28.6) | 361 (24.3) | |||
| White | 2,089 (58.7) | 2,082 (65.5) | 1,208 (56.3) | 1,079 (63.7) | 881 (62.3) | 1,003 (67.5) | |||
| Others∗ | 389 (10.9) | 317 (10.0) | 261 (12.2) | 196 (11.6) | 128 (9.1) | 121 (8.1) | |||
| Hispanic ethnicity | 117 (3.3) | 92 (2.9) | .347 | 68 (3.2) | 59 (3.5) | .663 | 51 (3.6) | 33 (2.2) | .043 |
| Smoking history | .345 | .13 | .5 | ||||||
| Current | 320 (9.0) | 284 (8.9) | 208 (9.7) | 181 (10.7) | 112 (7.9) | 103 (6.9) | |||
| Past | 1,052 (29.6) | 992 (31.2) | 542 (25.3) | 465 (27.4) | 510 (36.1) | 527 (35.5) | |||
| Pack-year smoking | 10.0 [3.6-25.0] | 11.4 [4.0-27.0] | .379 | 7.5 [2.0-20.0] | 10.0 [4.0-22.5] | .004 | 15.0 [5.0-30.0] | 14.0 [4.7-30.0] | .153 |
| Eosinophil count (×103/μL)† | 0.08 [0.04-0.12] | 0.26 [0.20-0.36] | <.001 | 0.09 [0.05-0.12] | 0.24 [0.20-0.34] | <.001 | 0.08 [0.03-0.11] | 0.27 [0.20-0.38] | <.001 |
| Comorbidities | |||||||||
| Diabetes | 810 (22.8) | 835 (26.3) | .001 | 401 (18.7) | 390 (23.0) | .001 | 409 (28.9) | 445 (30.0) | .566 |
| Hypertension | 1,631 (45.8) | 1,676 (52.7) | <.001 | 815 (38.0) | 775 (45.7) | <.001 | 816 (57.7) | 901 (60.7) | .113 |
| Coronary artery disease | 420 (11.8) | 430 (13.5) | .037 | 180 (8.4) | 166 (9.8) | .147 | 240 (17.0) | 264 (17.8) | .601 |
| Heart failure | 384 (10.8) | 379 (11.9) | .155 | 150 (7.0) | 146 (8.6) | .071 | 234 (16.5) | 233 (15.7) | .563 |
| Cancer history | 457 (12.8) | 463 (14.6) | .044 | 212 (9.9) | 209 (12.3) | .018 | 245 (17.3) | 254 (17.1) | .913 |
| Connective tissue disease | 241 (6.8) | 186 (5.8) | .133 | 112 (5.2) | 85 (5.0) | .83 | 129 (9.1) | 101 (6.8) | .025 |
| Immunosuppressive disease | 510 (14.3) | 399 (12.5) | .035 | 231 (10.8) | 171 (10.1) | .528 | 279 (19.7) | 228 (15.4) | .002 |
| Medications | |||||||||
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | 795 (22.3) | 659 (20.7) | .114 | 521 (24.3) | 373 (22.0) | .104 | 274 (19.4) | 286 (19.3) | .973 |
| Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors | 297 (8.3) | 334 (10.5) | .003 | 155 (7.2) | 158 (9.3) | .022 | 142 (10.0) | 176 (11.9) | .134 |
| Angiotensin receptor blockers | 317 (8.9) | 343 (10.8) | .011 | 134 (6.2) | 147 (8.7) | .005 | 183 (12.9) | 196 (13.2) | .881 |
| Intranasal corticosteroids | 1,528 (42.9) | 1,328 (41.8) | .343 | 746 (34.8) | 559 (33.0) | .257 | 782 (55.3) | 769 (51.8) | .063 |
| ICS | 1,414 (39.7) | 1,485 (46.7) | <.001 | 0 | 0 | NA | 1,414 (100.0) | 1,485 (100.0) | NA |
| Immunosuppressive therapy‡ | 102 (2.9) | 66 (2.1) | .046 | 38 (1.8) | 26 (1.5) | .657 | 64 (4.5) | 40 (2.7) | .011 |
| Outcomes | |||||||||
| Hospitalization | 850 (23.9) | 717 (22.5) | .205 | 385 (17.9) | 308 (18.2) | .892 | 465 (32.9) | 409 (27.5) | .002 |
| Admission to intensive care unit | 193 (5.4) | 149 (4.7) | .186 | 69 (3.2) | 55 (3.2) | 1 | 124 (8.8) | 94 (6.3) | .016 |
| Hospital mortality | 103 (2.9) | 92 (2.9) | 1 | 39 (1.8) | 33 (1.9) | .863 | 64 (4.5) | 59 (4.0) | .268 |
ICS, inhaled corticosteroids; NA, not available.
Data are presented as n (%) for categorical variables and median [interquartile range] for continuous variables.
∗
“Other” race category includes American Indians or Alaska Natives, Asian individuals, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islanders, and individuals with multiple racial backgrounds.
†
Defined by a baseline blood absolute eosinophil count of greater than 0.15 (×103 cells/ μL) obtained at least 2 weeks before severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 test date.
‡
Includes chronic systemic corticosteroid therapy.