Table 2.

Characteristics of 570 COVID-19-positive patients divided according to the intensity of care

Variable	Group 1 (N = 115)	Group 2 (N = 329)	Group 3 (N = 126)	p value
Age — years	57.2 ± 15.7	68.2 ± 15.6	62.4 ± 12.5	< 0.0001†
Male sex — no (%)	57 (49.6)	180 (54.7)	53 (42.1)	0.052‡
VRS** — median (iqr)	2.31 (2.06)	4.13 (3.44)	5.70 (4.53)	< 0.0001#
ILD** — median (iqr)	3.8 (14.2)	15.6 (27.5)	29.7 (34.2)	< 0.0001#
TSS** — median (iqr)	5 (3)	7 (5.5)	9 (8)	< 0.0001#

Group 1, discharged at home without the necessity of oxygenation/ventilation

Group 2, treated with low-flow oxygenation or non-invasive ventilation

Group 3, treated with invasive ventilation in the intensive care unit

^¶ Plus-minus values are means ± SD

^† p value obtained from ANOVA model

Pairwise contrasts (with Bonferroni correction):

group1 vs group 2 (p < 0.0001); group 1 vs group 3 (p = 0.024);

group 2 vs group 3 (p = 0.001)

^‡ Chi-square test

^** VRS (pulmonary vascular-related structures percentage) is defined as the ratio

between the total vessels volume and the total lung parenchymal volume

ILD interstitial lung disease extent %; TSS total severity score

^# p value obtained from Cuzick’s test for trend (23)