Table 2.

HRs for COVID-19 hospitalisation, ICU admissions, or deaths for those with different markers of history of an asthma attack and those with no asthma in adults

	COVID-19 hospitalisation		COVID-19 ICU admissions or deaths*
	Number of events	Adjusted HR (95% CI)	Number of events	Adjusted HR (95% CI)
Previous prescribed OCS as a marker of history of an asthma attack
No asthma	20 678	1 (ref)	9193	1 (ref)
Asthma with no course of OCS	2827	1·15 (1·11–1·21)	955	1·06 (0·97–1·17)
Asthma with one course of OCS	1817	1·30 (1·23–1·37)	681	1·04 (0·93–1·16)
Asthma with two courses of OCS	814	1·37 (1·26–1·48)	330	1·27 (1·09–1·48)
Asthma with three or more courses of OCS	2553	1·54 (1·46–1·61)	1134	1·44 (1·31–1·58)
Previous hospitalisation for asthma as a marker of history of an asthma attack
No asthma	23 845	1 (ref)	10 689	1 (ref)
Asthma without previous hospitalisation	4643	1·24 (1·20–1·29)	1557	1·11 (1·03–1·19)
Asthma with previous hospitalisation	201	3·01 (2·59–3·49)	47	2·24 (1·56–3·20)

HRs were derived using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, body-mass index, number of risk groups of interest, number of non-asthma-related hospitalisations within the 2-year period before March 1, 2020, and vaccine status. HR=hazard ratio. ICU=intensive care unit. OCS=oral corticosteroid.

^*ICU admissions or deaths referred to those who had COVID-19-related ICU admissions or COVID-19-related death with or without previous ICU admissions.