Table 1.
Demographic and birth characteristics of people with SARS-CoV-2 test results during pregnancy
| SARS-CoV-2 positive (n=882) | SARS-CoV-2 negative (n=17 453) | SARS-CoV-2 negative matched (n=889) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Maternal age at birth, years | 27·6 (9·4) | 31·5 (8·2) | 27·9 (9·0) | |
| Pregravid body-mass index, kg/m2 | 28·2 (8·6) | 25·8 (9·0) | 28·4 (2·1) | |
| Race | ||||
| Total number known | 849 | 16 920 | 869 | |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 20 (2·4%) | 232 (1·4%) | 16 (1·8%) | |
| Asian | 29 (3·4%) | 1571 (9·3%) | 38 (4·4%) | |
| Black | 46 (5·4%) | 708 (4·2%) | 45 (5·2%) | |
| Multiracial | 9 (1·1%) | 185 (1·1%) | 9 (1·0%) | |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 19 (2·2%) | 215 (1·3%) | 17 (2·0%) | |
| Other* | 306 (36·0%) | 2851 (16·8%) | 295 (33·9%) | |
| White | 420 (49·5%) | 11 158 (65·9%) | 449 (51·7%) | |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Total number known | 863 | 16 898 | 873 | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 453 (52·5%) | 3607 (21·3%) | 449 (51·4%) | |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 410 (47·5%) | 13 291 (78·7%) | 424 (48·6%) | |
| Insurance | ||||
| Total number known | 882 | 17 453 | 889 | |
| Medicaid | 661 (74·9%) | 8191 (46·9%) | 668 (75·1%) | |
| Private | 221 (25·1%) | 9262 (53·1%) | 221 (24·9%) | |
| Smoker | 79 (9·0%) | 1903 (10·9%) | 86 (9·7%) | |
| Illicit drug user | 93 (10·5%) | 2146 (12·3%) | 93 (10·5%) | |
| Preterm history | 44 (5·0%) | 695 (4·0%) | 43 (4·8%) | |
| Parity | ||||
| Total number known | 874 | 17 156 | 882 | |
| Nulliparity | 426 (48·7%) | 10 288 (60·0%) | 439 (49·8%) | |
| Low multiparity | 413 (47·3%) | 6522 (38·0%) | 410 (46·5%) | |
| Grand multipara | 35 (4·0%) | 346 (2·0%) | 33 (3·7%) | |
| Gravidity | ||||
| Total number known | 874 | 17 156 | 882 | |
| Nulligravidity | 239 (27·3%) | 5757 (33·6%) | 239 (27·1%) | |
| Low multigravidity | 568 (65·0%) | 10 451 (60·9%) | 583 (66·1%) | |
| Grand multigravidity | 67 (7·7%) | 948 (5·5%) | 60 (6·8%) | |
| Educational attainment | ||||
| Total number known | 40 | 567 | 45 | |
| Less than high school | 8 (20·0%) | 53 (9·3%) | 7 (15·6%) | |
| High school | 26 (65·0%) | 229 (40·4%) | 23 (51·1%) | |
| Undergraduate degree | 5 (12·5%) | 203 (35·8%) | 14 (31·1%) | |
| Graduate degree | 1 (2·5%) | 82 (14·5%) | 1 (2·2%) | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Chronic diabetes | 87 (9·9%) | 1542 (8·8%) | 101 (11·3%) | |
| Chronic hypertension | 13 (1·5%) | 448 (2·6%) | 23 (2·6%) | |
| Gestational diabetes | 79 (9·0%) | 1404 (8·0%) | 89 (10·0%) | |
| Gestational hypertension | 52 (5·9%) | 1078 (6·2%) | 63 (7·1%) | |
| Preeclampsia | 41 (4·6%) | 41 (0·2%) | 41 (4·6%) | |
| Severe pre-eclampsia | 3 (0·3%) | 23 (0·1%) | 0 (0·0%) | |
| Birth characteristics | ||||
| Fetal sex | ||||
| Total number known | 828 | 16 840 | 841 | |
| Female | 396 (47·8%) | 8246 (49·0%) | 409 (48·6%) | |
| Male | 432 (52·2%) | 8594 (51·0%) | 432 (51·4%) | |
| Mode of delivery | ||||
| Total number known | 834 | 16 869 | 842 | |
| Caesarean section | 265 (31·8%) | 6235 (37·0%) | 270 (32·1%) | |
| Vaginal | 569 (68·2%) | 10 634 (63·0%) | 572 (67·9%) | |
Median (IQR) of the maternal age at birth (years) and pregravid body-mass index for people with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy (n=882), with no SARS-CoV-2 infection and at least one negative SARS-CoV-2 test during pregnancy (n=17 453), and propensity score matched negative control (n=889). Distribution of race, ethnicity, insurance type, parity, gravidity educational attainment, fetal sex, and mode of delivery. Number of people who smoke, use illicit drugs, have previously delivered prematurely, or have common pregnancy-related comorbidities.
Other is a category used in electronic health records that might be patient-reported or selected by health-care staff.