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. 2021 Dec 31;12:807563. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.807563

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics for the study variables according to parental chronic illness status (N = 1,266).

No maternal chronic illness Maternal chronic illness
N Mean SD N Mean SD
Attachment to mothera 1,108 3.79 0.59 66 3.67 0.57
Attachment to fathera 1,066 3.61 0.61 62 3.35 0.70
Attachment to friendsa 1,111 3.17 0.55 64 3.31 0.59
Internalizing problemsb 1,129 11.63 10.99 66 14.92 13.17
No paternal chronic illness Paternal chronic illness
Attachment to mothera (T2) 1,106 3.79 0.59 57 3.51 0.60
Attachment to fathera (T2) 1,075 3.61 0.62 55 3.31 0.63
Attachment to friendsa (T2) 1,109 3.17 0.55 58 3.29 0.66
Internalizing problemsb (T4) 1,129 11.67 11.05 58 14.91 13.18
a

Measured by the revised version of the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA), with high scores indicating more security in the attachment relationship (Range: 1-5).

b

Measured by the Adult Self-Report (ASR), a part of the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) taxonomy. Higher mean scores indicate higher levels of internalizing problems (Range: 0-80).