Ciuffetti 1990.

Study characteristics
Methods	Randomisation: random number list Double blind Exclusions during trial: 0 Losses to follow‐up: 0
Participants	Italy 30 participants 14 (47%) male Mean age: 73 years (all > 65 years) 100% CT before entry Hemiparetic ischaemic stroke < 12 hours since stroke onset
Interventions	Treatment: ticlopidine 250 mg orally 12 hourly Control: placebo Duration: 3 weeks
Outcomes	Death Pulmonary embolism (symptomatic) Recurrent stroke
Funding source	No information available
Notes	Exclusions: cerebral oedema Follow‐up: 3 weeks
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	High risk	Groups divided by research team based on predetermined factors, e.g. age and sex.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	High risk	Groups divided by research team based on predetermined factors, e.g. age and sex.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) all outcomes	Unclear risk	Double‐blind trial but it was not stated explicitly who was blinded.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) all outcomes	Unclear risk	Double‐blind trial but it was not stated explicitly who was blinded.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) all outcomes	Low risk	No missing outcome data.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Study protocol not found but expected outcomes included and prespecified.
Other bias	Low risk	No other sources of bias identified.