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. 2021 Mar 1;36(2):1172–1180. doi: 10.1007/s00464-021-08384-3

Table 3.

Treatment (LAR low anterior resection, ISR  intersphincteric resection, CRT  chemoradiotherapy, RT  radiotherapy, CT chemotherapy)

n/%
Neoadjuvant therapy CRT 76
RT 8
CT 1
no 15
Adjuvant therapy CT 65
no 34
unknown 1
Type of surgery LAR 73
ISR 27
Ostomy protective Ileostomy 99
permanent colostomy 1