Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population
| Overall | CVD history [–] | CVD history [ +] | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 6338) | (n = 5704) | (n = 634) | ||
| Male sex | 3749 (59.2%) | 3297 (57.8%) | 452 (71.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Age (years) | 62 (56–67) | 61 (56–67) | 65 (60–70) | < 0.001 |
| Type of diabetes | ||||
| Type 1 diabetes | 394 (6.2%) | 383 (6.7%) | 11 (1.7%) | < 0.001 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 5944 (93.8%) | 5321 (93.3%) | 623 (98.3%) | |
| No anti-diabetic medication | 618 (10.4%) | 574 (10.8%) | 44 (7.1%) | < 0.001 |
| Oral anti-diabetic medication | 3680 (62.1%) | 3331 (62.8%) | 349 (56.4%) | |
| Insulin use | 1629 (27.5%) | 1403 (26.4%) | 226 (36.5%) | |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 9 (5–15) | 9 (5–15) | 12 (5–18) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking history | 2392 (37.9%) | 2143 (37.7%) | 249 (39.3%) | 0.47 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.9 (21.7–26.4) | 23.9 (21.7–26.5) | 24.0 (22.0–26.3) | 0.39 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 130 (120–138) | 130 (120–138) | 130 (120–140) | 0.23 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.2 (6.7—7.9) | 7.2 (6.7—7.9) | 7.2 (6.7—8.0) | 0.18 |
| (mmol/mol) | 55 (50–63) | 55 (50–63) | 55 (50–64) | |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 111 (94–130) | 112 (94–130) | 104 (87–124) | < 0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 56 (46–68) | 56 (47–68) | 52 (43–63) | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 104 (75—149) | 103 (74—147) | 117 (88—160) | < 0.001 |
| Anti-hypertensive medication | 2938 (46.5%) | 2475 (43.5%) | 463 (73.5%) | < 0.001 |
| Anti-hyperlipidemic medication | 2599 (41.1%) | 2253 (39.6%) | 346 (54.9%) | < 0.001 |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range), or number (percentage). Data were missing on anti-diabetic medication in 17 patients (0.3%), on duration of diabetes in 86 (1.4%), on smoking history in 21 (0.3%), on body mass index in 83 (1.3%), on systolic blood pressure in 79 (1.2%), on HbA1c in 22 (0.3%), on LDL cholesterol in 270 (4.3%), on HDL cholesterol in 109 (1.7%), on triglycerides in 3322 (52.4%), on anti-hypertensive medication in 14 (0.2%), and anti-hyperlipidemic medication in 17 (0.3%). CVD, cardiovascular disease; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein