Table 2.
Impact of baseline characteristics on future CVD risk in patients with versus without CVD history
| Overall population | CVD history [–] | CVD history [ +] | P for interaction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 1.87 [1.49, 2.34] | 2.03 [1.57, 2.62] | 1.39 [0.88, 2.20] | 0.16 |
| Age (per 10 years) | 1.46 [1.27, 1.68] | 1.55 [1.33, 1.82] | 1.14 [0.84, 1.56] | 0.082 |
| Type 1 diabetes | 0.47 [0.25, 0.89] | 0.42 [0.21, 0.84] | 0.98 [0.24, 4.00] | 0.29 |
| Duration of diabetes (per 10 years) | 1.25 [1.12, 1.40] | 1.30 [1.15, 1.48] | 1.11 [0.89, 1.39] | 0.22 |
| Smoking history | 1.04 [0.86, 1.27] | 1.08 [0.86, 1.36] | 0.94 [0.63, 1.38] | 0.53 |
| Body mass index (per 5 kg/m2) | 0.90 [0.79, 1.04] | 0.94 [0.81, 1.09] | 0.77 [0.56, 1.04] | 0.23 |
| Systolic blood pressure (per 10 mmHg) | 1.09 [1.02, 1.16] | 1.14 [1.06, 1.22] | 0.96 [0.84, 1.09] | 0.021 |
| HbA1c (per 1% or per 10.9 mmol/mol) | 1.13 [1.05, 1.22] | 1.15 [1.07, 1.25] | 1.06 [0.92, 1.24] | 0.34 |
| LDL cholesterol (per 20 mg/dl) | 1.08 [1.01, 1.16] | 1.08 [0.99, 1.17] | 1.10 [0.97, 1.25] | 0.79 |
| HDL cholesterol (per 10 mg/dl) | 0.79 [0.73, 0.84] | 0.74 [0.68, 0.81] | 0.92 [0.81, 1.05] | 0.006 |
| Triglycerides (per doubling) | 1.21 [1.07, 1.37] | 1.25 [1.08, 1.44] | 1.11 [0.87, 1.42] | 0.43 |
Data are presented as hazard ratios (HRs) for future CVD risk and their 95% confidence intervals, derived from the Fine and Gray’s proportional hazards regression model for the subdistribution of competing risks in which each variable of interest was entered as the explanatory variable, and anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, and anti-hyperlipidemic medications were entered as the stratification variables. Hazard ratios in the overall population were adjusted for CVD history. CVD, cardiovascular disease; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein