Table 3.
Impact of baseline characteristics on future CVD risk
| Adjusted hazard ratio | P for interaction | |
|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 1.77 [1.40, 2.24] (P<0.001) | |
| Age (per 10 years) | 1.46 [1.25, 1.70] (P<0.001) | |
| Type 1 diabetes | 0.78 [0.41, 1.47] (P=0.44) | |
| Duration of diabetes (per 10 years) | 1.17 [1.03, 1.31] (P=0.012) | |
| Smoking history | 1.04 [0.85, 1.27] (P=0.69) | |
| Body mass index (per 5 kg/m2) | 0.86 [0.73, 1.01] (P=0.059) | |
| Systolic blood pressure (per 10 mmHg) | 0.040 | |
| CVD history [–] | 1.13 [1.05, 1.22] (P=0.001) | |
| CVD history [+] | 0.97 [0.86, 1.10] (P=0.66) | |
| HbA1c (per 1% or per 10.9 mmol/mol) | 1.13 [1.05, 1.22] (P=0.001) | |
| LDL cholesterol (per 20 mg/dl) | 1.10 [1.02, 1.18] (P=0.009) | |
| HDL cholesterol (per 10 mg/dl) | 0.005 | |
| CVD history [–] | 0.77 [0.70, 0.84] (P<0.001) | |
| CVD history [+] | 0.96 [0.84, 1.10] (P=0.53) | |
| Triglycerides (per doubling) | 1.03 [0.89, 1.20] (P=0.69) | |
| CVD history | 2.61 [2.03, 3.37] (P<0.001) |
Data are presented as adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for future CVD risk and their 95% confidence intervals, derived from the Fine and Gray’s proportional hazards regression model for the subdistribution of competing risks in which all the variables listed in the table were entered as the explanatory variables, and anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, and anti-hyperlipidemic medications were entered as the stratification variables. The explanatory variables except CVD history were centralized to their mean values in the model. CVD, cardiovascular disease; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.