Table 3.

Associations of Exposure to Conflicting Information about Mammography with Breast Cancer Screening-Related Confusion

	I find breast cancer screening recommendations to be confusing				Research findings about breast cancer screening seem to be all over the map
Measure	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
Ecological exposure	0.000				−0.000
	(0.000)				(0.0004)
Top-of-head thought-listing
References “old” only			−0.191^				0.020
			(0.107)				(0.102)
References new/change			0.495***				0.351***
			(0.099)				(0.092)
Self-assessed exposure to conflict in media				0.280*** (0.035)				0.226*** (0.032)
Inferred exposure
Mammography conflict		0.331*				0.298*
		(0.146)				(0.130)
Age-related conflict		−0.058				0.049
		(0.081)				(0.072)
Frequency-related conflict		0.260**				0.186*
		(0.094)				(0.088)
Personal conflict		0.215*				0.137
		(0.092)				(0.084)
Observations	1,059	718	774	1,058	1,060	719	773	1,059
R-squared	0.021	0.079	0.083	0.094	0.057	0.102	0.105	0.114
.

Note. Robust standard errors in parentheses;

^***p<0.001

^**p < 0.01

^*p < 0.05

^{^}p < 0.1. For each outcome, we generated four models, one for each of the four types of exposure measurement, to avoid multicollinearity (1=ecological, 2=inferred, 3=top-of-head, 4=self-assessed). All models control for age category, gender, educational attainment, income, race, marital status, average health news consumption, and institutional confidence.