Table 3.
Summary statistics of the outcome measurements at the weekly visits.
| Variable | Outcome, mean (SD) | ||||||
|
|
|
Week 1 | Week 2 | Week 3 | Week 4 | Week 5 | |
| Lung functions | |||||||
|
|
FVCa (%) | 100.69 (9.65) | 99.85 (8.39) | 99.67 (10.26) | 100.66 (10.06) | 98.84 (9.54) | |
|
|
FEV1b (%) | 103.76 (10.43) | 102.11 (9.48) | 102.01 (11.19) | 103.01 (10.62) | 101.17 (10.30) | |
|
|
FEV1/FVC ratio | 103.11 (5.02) | 102.33 (5.63) | 102.37 (5.29) | 102.44 (5.90) | 102.44 (5.46) | |
|
|
Heart rate (beats per minute) | 71.67 (10.13) | 69.46 (9.17) | 69.44 (9.25) | 71.05 (9.68) | 70.28 (9.12) | |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | |||||||
|
|
Systolic | 127.64 (15.78) | 123.59 (16.28) | 124.08 (14.24) | 122.77 (16.98) | 122.92 (13.02) | |
|
|
Diastolic | 79.90 (12.30) | 77.46 (9.60) | 77.46 (10.50) | 76.18 (10.18) | 75.82 (9.07) | |
| Metabolism biomarkers | |||||||
|
|
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.86 (0.91) | 5.72 (1.02) | 5.77 (1.07) | 5.78 (1.09) | 5.52 (1.05) | |
|
|
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.48 (0.82) | 1.43 (0.80) | 1.44 (0.72) | 1.53 (0.86) | 1.45 (0.74) | |
|
|
LDL-Cc (mmol/L) | 3.83 (0.84) | 3.73 (0.92) | 3.76 (0.97) | 3.73 (0.95) | 3.57 (0.92) | |
|
|
HDL-Cd (mmol/L) | 1.47 (0.34) | 1.44 (0.34) | 1.45 (0.33) | 1.45 (0.36) | 1.38 (0.32) | |
|
|
Total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio | 4.19 (1.12) | 4.17 (1.15) | 4.16 (1.10) | 4.18 (1.10) | 4.17 (1.11) | |
|
|
Triglycerides/HDL-C ratio | 1.15 (0.88) | 1.14 (0.91) | 1.12 (0.76) | 1.20 (0.86) | 1.18 (0.85) | |
|
|
LDL-C/HDL-C ratio | 2.77 (0.90) | 2.75 (0.95) | 2.74 (0.92) | 2.72 (0.89) | 2.72 (0.89) | |
|
|
Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.75 (0.82) | 5.60 (0.78) | 5.59 (0.72) | 5.63 (0.68) | 5.45 (0.74) | |
| Systemic inflammatory biomarkers | |||||||
|
|
hs-CRPe (mg/L) | 1.98 (3.11) | 1.56 (3.20) | 1.01 (0.76) | 1.07 (1.20) | 1.05 (0.82) | |
|
|
IL-6f (pg/mL) | 1.72 (2.40) | 1.78 (2.58) | 1.31 (1.66) | 1.74 (2.26) | 1.25 (1.75) | |
|
|
TNF-αg (pg/mL) | 1.6 (1.22) | 1.65 (1.25) | 1.49 (1.22) | 1.73 (1.45) | 1.50 (1.27) | |
|
|
sP-selectinh (ng/ml) | 3.51 (2.62) | 3.20 (2.14) | 2.90 (1.98) | 3.27 (1.89) | 3.24 (1.92) | |
| Oxidative stress biomarkers | |||||||
|
|
MDAi (μM) | 40.85 (22.26) | 31.83 (21.24) | 30.11 (18.88) | 36.35 (23.69) | 31.75 (19.76) | |
|
|
8-OHdGj (ng/mL) | 1.32 (0.54) | 1.41 (0.54) | 1.22 (0.39) | 1.37 (0.49) | 1.47 (0.55) | |
|
|
SODk (U/μL) | 0.77 (0.38) | 0.74 (0.35) | 0.77 (0.32) | 0.79 (0.36) | 0.80 (0.50) | |
|
|
GPx-1l (ng/mL) | 3.25 (7.06) | 3.17 (6.91) | 2.79 (6.31) | 2.54 (5.84) | 4.25 (10.8) | |
aFVC: forced vital capacity.
bFEV1: forced expiratory volume in the first second.
cLDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
dHDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
ehs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.
fIL-6: interleukin-6.
gTNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α.
hsP-selectin: soluble platelet selectin.
iMDA: malondialdehyde.
j8-OHdG: 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine.
kSOD: superoxide dismutase.
lGPx-1: glutathione peroxidase 1.