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. 2021 Dec 21;144(1):331–338. doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c10034

Figure 4.

Figure 4

(a) Schematic representation of the Safranin O fluorescence assay. POPC vesicles were loaded with HEPES (10 mM) buffered KCl (100 mM) and suspended in HEPES (10 mM) buffered NaCl (100 mM) with Safranin O and adjusted to pH 7.0. Valinomycin was added to produce polarized liposomes. Once stable emission was observed, 5 μL of a DMSO solution of compound (1 mol % to lipid) was added. (b) The change in emission intensity of safranin O was monitored over time upon addition of (Z)-1a–c and (Z)-2a–c and (c) (E)-2a before and after 365 nm irradiation. (d) Depolarization efficiencies (%) of irradiated samples of (E)-2a relative to the activity of (Z)-2a.