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. 2021 Dec 1;122(1):565–788. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449

Scheme 166. Pyrene-Fused Imidazolium Cations and Their NHC Complexes.

Scheme 166

Reagents and conditions: (a)335 (1) NaOH, DMSO, rt, 2 h, (2) RBr or RI (2 equiv), rt for 30 min, then 37 °C, overnight; (b) (1) NaOH, DMSO, rt, 2 h, (2) RBr or RI (excess), rt for 30 min, then 37 °C, overnight; (c) MeI (excess), 100 °C, 24 h; (d) [Pt(ppy)(μ-Cl)]2, (ppy = 2-phenylpyridinate), NaOAc, NaI, DMSO, 100 °C, overnight; (e) (1) AgBF4, DCM, 1 h, (2) NaCN, rt, overnight.

For 166.2eanti and syn isomers were obtained as a mixture in 1:1 ratio and were not separated. Total yield is given.

Isomers 166.5a and 166.6a were obtained as a mixture in 6:4 ratio and were not separated. Total yield is given.

166.5b and 166.6b were obtained as a mixture in 1:1 ratio and were not separated. Total yield is given.