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. 2021 Dec 1;122(1):565–788. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449

Scheme 286. Pentannulated Carbazoles via Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Arylation.

Scheme 286

Reagents and conditions: (a)531533 Pd(OAc)2, PPh3, [BnNEt3]Cl, K2CO3, DMA, reflux, 6 h; (b) NBS, DMF, rt, 12 h; (c) diphenylamine, Pd(dba)2, t-Bu3P, t-BuONa, xylene, reflux, 12 h; (d)534 (NHC)Pd(allyl)Cl (5 mol %), K2CO3 (2 equiv), DMA, argon, 130 °C, 4–6 h; (e) Fe powder, AcOH, 60 °C, argon, 2 h; (f)535 Pd(OAc)2, PPh3, t-BuONa, toluene, 90 °C, 24 h.