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. 2021 Dec 1;122(1):565–788. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449

Scheme 71. Preparation of Thiophene-Linked Dimeric N-Annulated PDIs via Direct Heteroarylation.

Scheme 71

Reagents and conditions: (a)129 SiliaCat DPP-Pd, PivOH, K2CO3, DMA, 80–90 °C, 24 h (or microwave, 80 °C, 4 h for 71f), 49–74%; (b)136 SiliaCat DPP-Pd, PivOH, Cs2CO3, DMA, 80 °C, 18 h, 34%; (c) Pd2(dba)3, P(o-Tol)3, toluene, 80 °C, 36 h, 78%; (d)135 Pd(OAc)2, pivalic acid, K2CO3, N,N’-dimethylacetamide, 80 °C, 24 h.