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. 2021 Dec 1;122(1):565–788. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449

Scheme 74. Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Thiophene-Annulated PDI Dyes.

Scheme 74

Reagents and conditions: (a)141 Pd(PPh3)4, K2CO3, THF, reflux, 2 days, 81%; (b)142 Pd2(dba)3, P(p-C6H4OMe)3, K2CO3, THF/H2O, 16 h, reflux, 75%; (c)143 Pd(PPh3)4, K2CO3, 2:1 THF/H2O, 80 °C, 2 days, 51–55%.