Table 1.
Baseline study population characteristics of patients who underwent colon cancer resection, stratified for anastomotic leakage (non-anastomotic leakage (non-AL) versus anastomotic leakage (AL))
| Total study population ( n = 39,565) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No-AL ( n = 37,658) | AL ( n = 1907) | p -value | ||
| Age | ≥ 75 | 13,526 (35.9) | 698 (36.6) | 0.565 |
| Missing | 6 | 0 | ||
| Sex | Male | 19,642 (52.2) | 1,191 (62.5) | < 0.001 |
| Missing | 11 | 0 | ||
| BMI | < 18.5 | 1,103 (2.9) | 51 (2.7) | 0.009 |
| 18.5–30.0 | 29,054 (77.2) | 1,421 (74.5) | ||
| ≥ 30 | 7,484 (19.9) | 433 (22.7) | ||
| Missing | 17 | 2 | ||
| ASA | III + | 9,348 (24.8) | 604 (31.7) | < 0.001 |
| Missing | 9 | 0 | ||
| CCI | II + | 10,619 (28.0) | 626 (32.7) | < 0.001 |
| Tumor complicationa | 10,316 (27.4) | 579 (32.7) | 0.006 | |
| Missing | 64 | 1 | ||
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | 610 (1.6) | 60 (3.1) | < 0.001 | |
| Missing | 848 | 45 | ||
| Approach | Open | 6,209 (16.5) | 456 (23.8) | < 0.001 |
| Laparoscopicb | 31,008 (82.3) | 1432 (75.1) | ||
| Missing | 441 | 23 | ||
| Type of resection | ||||
| Right hemicolectomy | 19,507 (51.8) | 823 (43.2) | < 0.001 | |
| Transversectomy | 813 (2.2) | 65 (3.4) | ||
| Left hemicolectomy | 4,106 (10.9) | 295 (15.5) | ||
| Subtotal colectomy | 318 (0.8) | 58 (3.0) | ||
| Sigmoid resection | 12,729 (33.8) | 650 (34.1) | ||
| Missing | 185 | 16 | ||
| Stoma as bridge to surgery | No, stoma created as bridge to surgery | 37,325 (99.1) | 1,884 (98.8) | 0.184 |
| Yes, reversed during elective colectomy | 333 (0.9) | 23 (1.2) | ||
| Multivisceral resection | 2,461 (6.5) | 219 (11.5) | < 0.001 | |
| Missing | 15 | 0 | ||
| Additional resection for metastases | 1,041 (2.8) | 105 (5.5) | < 0.001 | |
| Missing | 28 | 1 | ||
| T-stage | T1-2 | 13,980 (37.1) | 599 (31.4) | < 0.001 |
| T3 | 19,726 (52.4) | 1046 (54.9) | ||
| T4 | 3,766 (10.0) | 257 (13.5) | ||
| Missing | 186 | 5 | ||
| N-stage | N0 | 25,307 (67.2) | 1261 (66.1) | 0.326 |
| N1-2 | 12,235 (32.5) | 641 (33.6) | ||
| Missing | 116 | 5 | ||
| M-stage | M- | 34,859 (92.6) | 1698 (89.0) | < 0.001 |
| M1 | 2,799 (7.4) | 209 (11.0) | ||
aTumor complications are preoperative complications caused by the tumor, including peri-tumoral abscess, anemia, perforation, obstruction/ileus
bLaparoscopic procedures include conventional and robot-assisted laparoscopic procedures. Missing values less than 10% are only presented as absolute numbers. A Pearson chi-square test was used to calculate the p-value