Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants
| Variable | Daily caloric restriction (n = 15) | Intermittent fasting (n = 13) | All participants (n = 28) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 47 ± 12 | 46 ± 6 | 46 ± 9 |
| Sex, n (%) male | 6 (40%) | 6 (46%) | 12 (43%) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) non-Hispanic white | 13 (87%) | 11 (85%) | 24 (86%) |
| Weight, kg | 103.3 ± 15.7 | 97.7 ± 10.7 | 100.7 ± 13.7 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 34.6 ± 5.1 | 34.8 ± 5.1 | 34.7 ± 5.0 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 113.9 ± 10.6 | 109.5 ± 7.6 | 111.9 ± 9.4 |
| Hip circumference, cm | 118.5 ± 11.9 | 114.7 ± 13.0 | 116.7 ± 12.3 |
| Waist to hip ratio | 0.97 ± 0.12 | 0.96 ± 0.09 | 0.97 ± 0.11 |
| SBP, mmHg | 116 ± 12 | 125 ± 12 | 120 ± 13 |
| DBP, mmHg | 76 ± 8 | 84 ± 9 | 80 ± 9 |
| CKD-EPI eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 64 ± 26 | 75 ± 16 | 69 ± 22 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 97 ± 12 | 92 ± 10 | 95 ± 11 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 10 (67%) | 10 (77%) | 20 (71%) |
| ACEi/ARB, n (%) | 12 (80%) | 7 (54%) | 19 (68%) |
| Statin, n (%) | 3 (20%) | 4 (31%) | 7 (25%) |
| htTKV, mL/m | 994 (589, 1,180) | 835 (476, 1,363) | 916 (476, 1,363) |
| Mayo class | |||
| 1A | 1 (7%) | 2 (15%) | 3 (11%) |
| 1B | 3 (20%) | 2 (15%) | 5 (18%) |
| 1C | 5 (33%) | 5 (39%) | 10 (36%) |
| 1D | 2 (13%) | 2 (15%) | 4 (14%) |
| 1E | 2 (13%) | 2 (15%) | 4 (14%) |
| NA | 2 (13%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Data are mean ± S.D.or %. Height-adjusted total kidney volume (htTKV) and Mayo class missing in n = 2 in daily caloric restriction group due to contraindications. One participant with a contraindication in the IMF group subsequently dropped out of the study.
BMI, bodymass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure, CKD-EPI eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation; ACEi, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker.