Fig. 5.

Forest plot for subgroup analysis for the association between LME and clinical and imaging outcomes in MS. Pooled analyses of studies comparing the mean differences of clinical and imaging outcomes between LME-positive and LME-negative MS cases (A, disease duration [years]; B, EDSS [in EDSS points]; C, T1 lesion volume [in mL]; D, T2 lesion volume [in mL]; E, cortical gray matter volume [in mL]). Mean differences were extracted and pooled using the random effects DerSimonian-Laird method. Abbreviations: CI confidence interval; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; LME, leptomeningeal enhancement.