Table.1.

Summary of clinical trials using exosomes for cancer prognosis and diagnosis.

Cancer type	Exosome source	No. of patients	Target	Extraction method	Detection method	Reference
Colorectal Cancer	Serum	40	miRNA	ExoQuick	qRT-PCR	[212]
	Serum	140	lncRNA	Ultracentrifugation	qPCR	[210]
	Serum	116	CEA	ExoQuick ™	ELISA	[213]
	Tissue homogenate	102	GPC1	ExoCap ™	Flow cytometry	[214]
	Plasma	124	Copine 111	Ultracentrifugation	ELISA	[215]
	Serum	87	miR-25-3p	Ultracentrifugation	qPCR	[216]
	Plasma	93	miR-357	Exiqion ™ miRCURY Exosome kit.	qPCR	[217]
	Serum	108	miR-548c-5p	Invitrogen Total exosomes isolation kit	qPCR	[218]
	Serum	28	miR-17-5p	qEV size exclusion Columns	qRT-PCR	[219]
	Serum	225	miR-19a	Ultracentrifugation/Invitrogen Total exosomes isolation kit	qRT-PCR	[220]
Breast cancer	Plasma	32	miR-21, miR1246	ExoQuick	qRT-PCR	[221]
	Serum	38	miR-105	Ultracentrifugation	qRT-PCR	[222]
	Serum	240	CD82	ExoQuick	ELISA/WB	[223]
	Plasma	44	Phosphoproteins	Ultracentrifugation.	LC-MS/MS	[224]
	Serum	53	miR-222	Density gradient ultracentrifugation.	qPCR	[225]
Lung cancer	Plasma	20	Amphiregulin	Ultracentrifugation	ELISA	[226]
	Serum	85	PD-L1	Invitrogen Total exosomes isolation kit	ELISA	[227]
	Plasma	276	NY-ESO-1	Exosome array	Exosome Array	[211]
	Serum	106	FLI1 exonic circular RNA	Exoeasy Maxi kit	qRT-PCR	[228]
	Plasma	210	EGFR T790M	Ultracentrifugation	Allelle specific qPCR	[229]
	Plasma	105	miRNAs	Ultracentrifugation	qRT-PCR	[230]
	Plasma	581	Proteins	Exosome array	Exosome array	[231]
	Serum	171	Proteins	Ultracentrifugation	Western blot.	[232]
Pancreatic cancer	Plasma	263	KRAS	Ultracentrifugation	ddPCR	[233]
	Serum	221	GPC1	Sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation	Flow cytometry	[234]
	Serum	85	CKAP4	PS capture ELISA kit	PS capture exosomes ELISA	[235]
	Plasma	194	KRAS	Ultracentrifugation	ddPCR	[236]
	Serum	91	PD-L1, c-MET	Invitrogen Total exosomes isolation kit	Flow cytometry	[237]
Melanoma	Serum	96	S100B, MIA	ExoQuick	ELISA	[238]
	Serum	56	miRNA-125b	ExoQuick	qRT-PCR	[239]
Bladder cancer	Urine	69	miRNA	Differential centrifugation	miRNA microarray	[240]
Esophageal carcinoma	Saliva	602	Chimeric RNAs	Exoquick	qRT-PCR
Prostate cancer	Urine	13	ITGA3, ITGB1	Ultracentrifugation	Western blot	[241]