Table 1.

Overview of clinical trials with IL-1 targeted strategies in patients with AMI.

Study	Population	Sample Size	Study Design				Intervention	Duration	Outcomes	PMID or NCT number
			R	DB	PC	MC
CANTOS	Prior AMI (>30 days) with CRP >2 mg/l	10,061	X	X	X	X	Canakinumab 50, 150, 300 mg every 3 months	3.7 years (median)	↓CRP, ↓ischemic events, ↓HF hospitalization ↑infection-related deaths ↓cancer-related deaths ↓rheumatologic diseases	28845751 30586730
CIRT	Prior AMI (>30 days) or diabetes and multivessel CAD	4,786	X	X	X	X	Low dose methotrexate (15–20 mg weekly)	2.3 years (median)	no effect on clinical events (no reduction in CRP levels)	30415610
COLCOT	Recent AMI (<30 days)	4,745	X	X	X	X	Colchicine 0.5 mg daily	1.9 years (median)	↓ischemic events, ↑pneumonia (no effect on CRP beyond reduction seen in placebo; no effect on HF events)	31733140
LODOCO	Stable CAD (125 with prior AMI/UA)	532	X			X	Colchicine 0.5 mg daily	2.4 years (median)	↓acute coronary syndromes (CRP not reported)	23265346
LODOCO-MI	Recent MI (Prior 7 days)	237	X	X	X		Colchicine 0.5 mg daily	30 days	no effect on CRP beyond reduction seen in placebo (↓total re-hospitalization)	31284074
MRC-ILA	Acute NSTEMI (<48 hours)	182	X	X	X		Anakinra 100 mg daily	2 weeks treatment (1 year follow up)	↓CRP at 7 and 14 days (no effect on ischemic events at 30 days and 3 months, but ↑at 1 year)	25079365
VCUART / VCUART2	Acute STEMI (<12 hours)	40	X	X	X		Anakinra 100 mg daily	2 weeks treatment (3 months follow up)	↓CRP, ↓ incidence of HF (no effect on ischemic events)	23453459
VCUART3	Acute STEMI (<12 hours)	99	X	X	X	X	Anakinra 100 mg once or twice daily	2 weeks treatment (1 year follow up)	↓CRP, ↓ incidence of HF, ↓ hospitalization for HF (no effect on ischemic events)	NCT01950299

Abbreviations: CRP = C-reactive protein; DB = Double blind; HF = Heart failure; hsCRP= high sensitivity CRP; PC = Placebo-controlled; R = Randomized.