Table 2.

List of drugs considered potential to repurpose for COVID-19 infection treatment

Drug	Action mode	Mechanism	Target disease
Chloroquine phosphate	9-aminoquinolin	Immunomodulating, autophagy inhibitors, raising endosomal pH	Malaria, autoimmune disease
Remdesivir	Nucleotide analog	Post entry interference with virus	SARS, MERS
Lopinavir/Ritonavir	Protease inhibitor	Inhibits HIV-1 protease for protein cleavage	HIV/AIDS, SARS, MERS
Ribavirin	Synthetic guanosine nucleoside	Interfering with the synthesis of viral mRNA	HCV, SARS, MERS
Favipiravir	Viral RNA polymerase inhibitor	Acts on genetic copying of virus, prevents its reproduction without affecting nucleic acid synthesis of host cell	Ebola, H1N1 Influenza
Nitazoxanide	Antiprotozoal agent	Modulating growth and proliferation of microbes like protozoa, helminths, virus and bacteria	Human/anima coronavirus
Ganciclovir	Nucleoside analog	Inhibitor of herpesvirus family including cytomegalovirus	AIDS-associated cytomegalovirus infections
Nafamostat	Synthetic serine protease inhibitor	Reduces release of cathepsin B, anticoagulant activity	Ebola, MERS, Influenza
Oseltamivir	Neuraminidase inhibitor	Prevents viral replication and infectivity by inhibiting viral neuraminidase	Influenza viruses A
Darunavir	Antiretroviral protease inhibitor	Inhibiting of HIV-1 protease and blocks the cleavage of HIC gag-pol polyprotein	HIV/AIDS
IFN-beta	Anti-inflammatory agent	Reduces antigen presentation and T-cell proliferation	Hepatitis, Ebola

Guo et al. [7]