Fig. 5.

Maternal succinate supplementation enhances energy expenditure in offspring under 12-weeks of HFD challenge

A - B, Vo₂ during a 6 h light - 6 h dark cycle measured in a metabolic cage (A) and the average values (B). C - D, VCO₂ during a 6 h light - 6 h dark cycle (C) and the average values (D). E - F, the values of RER (ratio of VCO₂ to VO₂) were calculated from metabolic chamber data during a 6 h light - 6 h dark cycle. G - H, heat production during a 6 h light - 6 h dark cycle (G) and the average values (H). *P < 0.05. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 6). Abbreviations: RER, respiratory exchange rate; VO₂, oxygen consumption rate; VCO₂, carbon dioxide production.