Table 1.
Chemokines axes regulating migration of immune cells in cancer.
| Cell type | Chemokine axis | Role implicated in tumor type | Study species |
|---|---|---|---|
| CD8+ T cell | CXCR3–CXCL9/10/11 | Lymphoma [21], melanoma [24], CRC [26] | Mouse |
| Metastatic melanoma [27], epithelial ovarian cancer [30, 31] | Human | ||
| CXCR4–CXCL12 | PDA [64] | Mouse | |
| PDA [59] | Human | ||
| NK cells | CXCR3–CXCL9/10/11 | Melanoma [158, 159], lymphoma [19] | Mouse |
| CXCR4/CXCL12 | Glioblastoma [58] | Mouse | |
| DCs | CCR5–CCL4/CCL5/CCL20 | Melanoma [76, 77], | Mouse |
| CCR6–CCL20 | Breast carcinoma [81] | Human | |
| Tregs | CCR4–CCL17/CCL22 | Ovarian tumors [86] | Mouse |
| Breast tumors [87], esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) [90] | Human | ||
| MDSCs/TAMs | CCR2–CCL2 | ESCC [108], lymphoma [110], glioma [115], renal tumor [116], lung cancer [117], prostate cancer [119] | Mouse |
| ESCC [108], glioma [115] | Human | ||
| CCR5–CCL5 | Melanoma [133], prostate cancer [134], breast cancer [135] | Mouse | |
| CRC [140] | Human | ||
| Neutrophils | CXCR1/2–CXCL5/CXCL2/CXCl6 | PDA [147], melanoma [149, 151], HCC [150] | Mouse |
| Glioblastoma [148] | Zebrafish | ||
| HCC [150] | Human |