Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis of overall survival.
| Characteristics | Median OS months | Univariate HR (95% CI) | P-value | Multivariate aHR&(95% CI) | P-value& |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment | 2.586 (1.362–4.908) | 0.004 | 4.288 (1.452–12.671) | 0.008 | |
| MiniPDX-guided group, n=21 | 9.4 (7.9–11.2) | ||||
| Experimental treatment group, n=47 | 7.9 (7.2–8.7) | ||||
| Age | 1.613 (0.947–2.747) | 0.078 | NA | NA | |
| <65, n=31 | 8.9 (7.9–9.5) | ||||
| ≥65, n=37 | 7.4 (6.9–8.7) | ||||
| Sex | 0.747 (0.442–1.263) | 0.277 | NA | NA | |
| Male, n=39 | 8.2 (6.9–9.2) | ||||
| Female, n=29 | 8.6 (7.9–9.9) | ||||
| ECOG PS | 1.294 (0.710–2.359) | 0.400 | NA | NA | |
| 0–1, n=52 | 8.7 (7.4–9.2) | ||||
| 2, n=16 | 8.2 (7.2–9.5) | ||||
| Primary gastric tumors size | 2.008 (1.163–3.469) | 0.012 | 1.624 (0.674–3.915) | 0.280 | |
| <5 cm, n=31 | 8.9 (8.2–10.2) | ||||
| ≥5 cm, n=37 | 7.6 (6.9–8.9) | ||||
| Differentiation of primary tumor | 2.780 (1.612–4.791) | 0.000 | 2.488 (1.077–5.746) | 0.033 | |
| Well, n=11 | 10.7 (6.9–11.5) | ||||
| Moderate, n=47 | 8.6 (7.6–9.2) | ||||
| Poor, n=10 | 6.3 (3.7–7.9) | ||||
| T-stage of primary tumor | 1.211 (0.887–1.654) | 0.277 | NA | NA | |
| pT1, n=9 | 8.9 (7.2–10.6) | ||||
| pT2, n=16 | 8.9 (6.9–10.7) | ||||
| pT3, n=33 | 8.2 (7.4–9.2) | ||||
| pT4, n=10 | 6.9 (5.3–8.7) | ||||
| N-stage of primary tumor | 1.441 (1.087–1.912) | 0.011 | 1.467 (1.007–2.138) | 0.046 | |
| N0, n=10 | 9.3 (6.9–10.9) | ||||
| N1, n=28 | 8.2 (7.4–9.4) | ||||
| N2, n=17 | 7.9 (6.3–9.5) | ||||
| N3, n=13 | 7.6 (4.9–8.7) | ||||
| Number of metastases | 1.149 (0.820–1.639) | 0.426 | NA | NA | |
| Solitary, n=31 | 9.8 (6.3–11.2) | ||||
| 2–5, n=24 | 9.2 (6.8–9.9) | ||||
| >5, n=13 | 8.2 (7.4–8.9) | ||||
| Metastases tumors size | 1.830 (1.078–3.107) | 0.025 | 1.351 (0.589–3.103) | 0.478 | |
| <5 cm, n=34 | 9.2 (7.9–9.9) | ||||
| ≥ 5cm, n=34 | 7.6 (6.4–8.7) | ||||
| Metastases lesions location | 0.876 (0.627–1.224) | 0.438 | NA | NA | |
| Left lobe, n=15 | 7.9 (4.9–9.8) | ||||
| Right lobe, n=18 | 8.2 (7.9–8.9) | ||||
| Both, n=35 | 8.6 (7.2–9.5) | ||||
| Interruption of hepatic hilum | 0.599 (0.335–1.071) | 0.084 | NA | NA | |
| Yes, n=24 | 7.9 (6.8–8.2) | ||||
| No, n=44 | 8.9 (7.9–9.4) | ||||
| Relapse or refractory disease | 1.136 (0.736–1.563) | 0.535 | NA | NA | |
| Relapse, n=26 | 8.6 (6.8–10.7) | ||||
| Refractory, n=42 | 8.2 (7.4–9.9) | ||||
| CEA level* | 0.810 (0.461–1.425) | 0.466 | NA | NA | |
| Negative, n=16 | 8.6 (6.9–9.2) | ||||
| Positive, n=38 | 8.2 (7.4–9.4) | ||||
| CA199# | 1.021 (0.585–1.781) | 0.942 | NA | NA | |
| Negative, n=17 | 8.6 (7.6–9.3) | ||||
| Positive, n=40 | 7.9 (7.2–9.4) |
*CEA levels were measured in 16 and 38 patients, respectively, in MiniPDX-guided and experimental treatment groups. A CEA level of <5 ng/ml was considered as negative.
#CA19-9 levels were measured in 17 and 40 patients, respectively, in MiniPDX-guided and experimental treatment groups. A CA19-9 level of <37 U/ml was considered as negative.
&These results were adjusted by multiple variables identified in univariate analyses, including treatment group, primary gastric tumors size, differentiation of primary tumor, N-stage of primary tumor, metastases tumors size.
CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA, carcinoma embryonic antigen; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group physical status; PDX, patient-derived xenograft; OS, overall survival; NA, not applicated.