Table 1.

Summary of the gut microbiota changes induced by the ketogenic diet

Year	Model	Treatment	Increase	Decrease
Olson et al.78	Mice	4-day KD	Akkermansia, Parabacteriodes, Sutterella, Erysipelotrichaceae	Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, Desulfovibrio
Kong et al.20	Mice	16-week KD	Akkermansia muciniphila, Lactobacillus, Roseburia	Desulfovibrio, Turicibacter
Xie et al.83	Epileptic and healthy infants	/	Bacteroidetes	Escherichia, Salmonella, Vibrio
Zhang et al.85	Seizure patients	6-month KD	Bacteroides, Clostridiales, Ruminococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Alistipes	Firmicutes, Actinomycetes
Olson et al.86	Mice	7-day KD	Bilophila wadsworthia	Clostridium cocleatum